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The Lviv Theatre of Opera and Ballet (, ''L'vivs'kyi Derzhavnyi akademichnyi teatr Opery ta baletu imeni Solomyiyi Krushel'nyts'koii; Eng. Lviv State Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre of Solomiya Krushelnytska'', (ポーランド語:Opera Lwowska)) is an opera house and theatre located in Lviv, Ukraine. The building was built between 1897 and 1900. The Lwów Opera was originally called the Grand Theatre ((ポーランド語:Teatr Wielki); , ''Velykyi Mis'kyi Teatr'') until it was renamed in 1939 by the Soviet authorities. In October 1939, the building was housing the People's Assembly of Western Ukraine.〔(People's Assembly of Western Ukraine ) at the Encyclopedia of history of Ukraine.〕 ==History== At the end of the 19th century, the municipal authorities at Lemberg, then the capital of Austrian Galicia, felt the need for a large city theatre. In 1895, the city announced an architectural competition for the best design, which attracted a large number of projects.〔The Lviv Theatre of Opera and Ballet official website. ''History: facts'' (History of the building of the theatre )〕 Among the participants were the renowned Viennese architects Fellner & Helmer, whose entry was rejected as too international and eclectic.〔Philipp Ther. ''Center Stage: Operatic Culture and Nation Building in Nineteenth-Century Central Europe''. Purdue University Press. 2014. p. 104.〕〔Victor Hugo Lane. ''State culture and national identity in a multi-ethnic context: Lemberg 1772-1914''. University of Michigan. 1999. p. 241.〕 An independent jury chose the design by Zygmunt Gorgolewski,〔〔〔 Jakub Lewiński. ''Między tradycją, a nowoczesnością; Architektura Lwowa lat 1893-1918''. Neriton. 2005. p. 145.〕〔Markian Prokopovych. ''Habsburg Lemberg: architecture, public space, and politics in the Galician capital, 1772-1914''. Purdue University Press. 2009. p. 177〕 a graduate of the Berlin Building Academy and the Director of the Lemberg higher art-industrial school. Gorgolewski pleasantly surprised the jury by planning to locate the building in the centre of the city, although it was already densely built-up. In order to solve the space problem, he boldly proposed to enclose the Poltva River underground, and instead of using a traditional foundation, use a solid concrete base for the first time in Europe.〔 In June 1897, the first stone was placed. Gorgolewski directed construction, earthwork and decorating tasks, employing the leading masters from Lemberg and abroad. Local materials were used for the construction. Marble elements were manufactured in Vienna, whereas Belgium provided special linen for painting the foyer. The Austrian company "Siemens" was responsible for assembling the electric lights, while the hydraulic mechanization of the stage was built by the Polish railway workshop company in Sanok.〔 Construction continued for three years. Funding came from Lemberg, the surrounding communities, and from voluntary donations. The cost of the works totaled 6 million Austrian crowns. There are stories told that despite the engineering innovations used by Gorgolewski to construct the foundation of the building, it began to slowly sink because of the Poltva river running underneath it in a tunnel. Learning of the flaw, the architect took it to heart and fell into depression. In the end, in the story, he hanged himself 3 years after the construction was finished (not borne out by facts − he died of heart disease〔''(Zygmunt Gorgolewski, twórca gmachu Lwowskiego Teatru Wielkiego )'' ("Zygmunt Gorgolewski, the creator of the building of the Lwów Grand Theatre"), by Piotr Marek Stański. (in Polish)〕). Shortly afterwards, the building stopped sinking and remains stable nowadays. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lviv Theatre of Opera and Ballet」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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